Talk:Z13177

Limitations

We cannot tell from the spelling whether a final syllable is stressed, so we assume it is. This leads, incorrectly, to “filletted” rather than “filleted”, for example, whereas “regret” should give “regretted”.

Not all English verbs are regular. Most of the irregular verbs are given below, according to their endings, along with similar regular verbs. Once we have access to Wikidata lexemes, we should be able to provide an improved function, but the purpose of this function is to provide a regular -ed form (even if it is incorrect or non-standard).

• -an: banned, could/- (been able) (canned in other sense), fanned, meant, tanned
• -and: banded, branded, handed, landed, sanded, stood
• -ang: banged, fanged, hung
• -all: balled, called, fell/fallen, should/-, walled
• -atch: batched, caught, latched
• -ast: broadcast, cast, fasted, lasted, masted
• -aw: cawed, clawed, drew/drawn, sawed/sawn
• -ay: bayed, delayed, laid, might/- paid, relayed, said, slayed, stayed
• be: was/were/been
• -each beached, breached, leached, reached, taught
• -ead: beaded, headed, led, read, spread, threaded
• -eal: dealt, healed, sealed, stole(n)
• -eam: beamed, dreamt (also dreamed)
• -ean: cleaned, leant (also leaned), meant, weaned
• -ear: bore/borne, feared, geared, heard, neared, reared, seared, swore/sworn, tore/torn (teared in another sense), wore/worn
• -eat: beat(en), ate/eaten
• -ed: bedded, shed, wedded
• -ee: freed, saw, teed
• -eed: bled, bred, heeded, needed, seeded, weeded
• -eel: felt, heeled, keeled, knelt, reeled
• -eep: beeped, crept, kept, seeped, slept, swept, wept
• -eet: met, sleeted, tweeted
• -ell: belled, dwelt, felled, quelled, smelt (also smelled), sold, spelt (also spelled), swelled/swollen, told
• -end: bent, fended, lent, mended, rent, sent, spent
• -et: bet, forgot(ten), got(ten), let, netted, petted, set, vetted, wetted
• -ew: crewed, sewed/sewn (also sewed)
• -ave: had, left (from leave), weaved/woven
• -ick: clicked, cricked, flicked, licked, nicked, picked, stuck
• -id: bade or bid, forbade/forbidden, kidded, lidded, rid
• -ide: abode, bided/bode, glided, hid(den), rode/ridden, sided, slid
• -ie: died, lay/lain (lied in other sense), tied
• -ig: dug, jigged, rigged (be)wigged
• -ight: blighted, fought, knighted, lit, righted, sighted, slighted
• -ill: billed, chilled, spilt (also spilled), would/- (willed in other sense)
• -im: brimmed, dimmed, rimmed, swam/swum
• -in: began/begun, binned, sinned, span/spun, won
• -ind: bound, blinded, found, ground, minded, wound
• -ine: dined, fined, lined, mined, pined, shone, tined, twined, wined
• -ing: brought, clung, pinged, rang/rung, sang/sung, slung, stung, strung, swung, winged
• -ink: blinked, drank/drunk, inked, kinked, linked, sank/sunk, shrank/shrunk, slunk, stank/stunk, thought, winked
• -ise: advised, arose/arisen, revised rose/risen
• -it: fitted, hit, pitted, sat, slit, spat
• -ite: bit/bitten, cited, sited, wrote/written
• -ive: dove (also dived), drove/driven, forgave/forgiven, gave/given, hived lived
• -k(e): baked, beaked, broke(n), faked, leaked, made, overtook/overtaken, shook/shaken, spoke(n), struck, took/taken, (a)woke(n), wreaked
• -o: did/done, gone/went, noed
• -old: bolded, folded, held, molded
• -ome: became/become, came/come, domed
• -(o)ose: chose(n), lost
• -(o)ot: booted, footed, hooted, looted, mooted, rooted, rotted/rotten (also rotted), shot
• -ost: cost, ghosted, hosted
• -ow: blew/blown, bowed, cowed, grew/grown, knew/known, lowed, mowed/mown, rowed, showed/shown, slowed, sowed/sown, threw/thrown
• -rn: burnt (also burned), learnt (also learned), turned
• -uild: built
• -un: gunned, punned, ran/run, sunned, stunned
• -urst: burst
• -urt: courted, hurt
• -ut: butted, cut, put (putted in other sense), rutted, shouted, shut, tutted
• -uy: bought
• -y: cried, decried, flew/flown, fried, whied

GrounderUK (talk) 13:17, 15 February 2024 (UTC)

Flags/Switches

I’m not a fan… But the fact is that there are cases where the pronunciation of a word determines the spelling of the past participle. As noted above, unstressed syllables do not generally have consonant doubling (“exited” but “committed”). In addition, there are a few cases where lemmas are spelled the same way but have different pronunciation and inflections. “Lead” /li:d/ is irregular (past participle is “led”) but “lead” /lɛd/ is regular (past participle is “leaded”). Of course, there are also cases where the lemmas have identical pronunciation but different inflections, like “lie”, where the past participle is “lay” (irregular) for lying down but “lied” (regular) for communicating an untruth. And then, there are differences in spelling that arise from nineteenth-century spelling reform in the US. In this context, it is principally the doubling of a final l that is relevant, and since that depends on the stress, I have followed the US convention for unstressed syllables, since that applies more often than not.

In the first case, it would be simple enough to interpret some marking in the input string and double or not according to the interpretation. For the second case there are very few instances (“put” is another) and this function should always return the regular form. In the third case, again, only the regular form should be provided and (except in the fourth case) even English only manages one regular form. For the fourth case, if the preference for l-doubling could be indicated (and the stress indicated) it would not be too difficult to return the appropriate form (because the US-influenced convention for final l-doubling follows the pattern for other consonants). I’m not planning to make any changes in the absence of some sort of consensus on the value and priority of any enhancements. GrounderUK (talk) 19:48, 18 February 2024 (UTC)